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Preventive Screenings And Vaccinations: European Health Insurance’s Emphasis On Prevention – The main aim of this guide is to provide scientific advice, based on an evidence-based assessment, on targeted public health interventions to facilitate effective screening and vaccination for priority infectious diseases among newly arrived migrant populations in the EU/EEA. The intention is to support EU/EEA member states to develop national strategies to strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases among migrants and meet the health needs of this population.
Increased rates of migration to and within the European Union and the European Economic Area (EU/EEA) in recent years have made the development of migration policy, including health policy, a priority for the region. A migrant is defined as any person who lives in the country temporarily or permanently away from their usual place of residence for at least one year. Migrants generally do not pose a health threat to the host population. However, some subgroups of migrants, including refugees, asylum seekers and irregular migrants, are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases and may have worse health outcomes than the host population. In many EU/EEA member states, subgroups of the migrant population are disproportionately affected by infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis B and C. Accordingly, screening and vaccination programs may be beneficial for newly arrived migrants, ie. arrived in the EU/EEA in the last five years.
Preventive Screenings And Vaccinations: European Health Insurance’s Emphasis On Prevention
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The European health policy framework “Health 2020” aims to “significantly improve the health and well-being of the population, reduce health inequalities, strengthen public health and ensure people-centred health systems that are universal, equitable, sustainable and of high quality”. has sought to support this goal in migrant health by developing evidence-based guidance on the prevention of infectious diseases among newly arrived migrants in the EU/EEA.
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The guide was developed using a series of systematic evidence reviews and Grading of Evidence to Decision (GRADE) recommendations, as well as input from an ad hoc scientific panel through a consultation and evaluation process. appointed a scientific panel consisting of 21 experts from EU/EEA member states to review evidence and express opinion on evidence-based statements relating to vulnerable migrant groups. None of the panel members declared a conflict of interest related to the topic and participation in the panel. In addition to the scientific panel, an advisory group of experts on infectious diseases, public health and migration was established to participate in meetings to select key infectious diseases that require guidance and support the review process.
The advisory group and ad hoc scientific panel selected the following key infectious diseases for consideration: active tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI), HIV, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), vaccine-preventable diseases ( measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, Haemophilus influenzae type B, strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis.
The approach involved the development of key research questions (PICO: population, intervention, comparison, outcome) and an analytical framework to identify key steps and questions related to evidence of effectiveness along the screening-intervention pathway, to formulate search strategies and identify relevant literature. .
Search terms and strategies appropriate for each infectious disease were used to search the published literature in PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Embase from January 2005 to May 2016; gray literature and existing guidelines were also identified. In developing the guidelines, they sought to build on existing systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials; in addition, newly developed additional evidence reviews were used to address gaps in the evidence base. The systematic reviews underpinning these guidelines were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA reporting guidelines.
Tuberculosis Research Questions Identified Through The Who Policy Guideline Development Process
The GRADE evidence-to-decision approach was used to frame the evidence and develop the statements, as well as to assess the strength of the evidence-based statements. Evidence-based statements were developed and evaluated through an iterative consensus process with an advisory group and an ad hoc scientific panel. Members of the ad hoc scientific panel completed a FACE (feasibility, acceptability, cost and equity) survey, which was used to inform the guide. GRADE Pro Panel Voice Software3 was used to review statements and vote on all criteria from evidence to decision. The evidence review and guideline development process consisted of three rounds of review: evidence review findings, draft evidence-based statements, and draft guidelines. Results This guidance focuses on newly arrived migrants within the EU/EEA, taking into account country of origin, circumstances of migration and age and gender, where relevant. Available evidence suggests that screening migrant children, adolescents and adults for active tuberculosis and LTBI, HIV, HCV, HBV, strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis is likely to be effective and cost-effective, and that there is a clear benefit to including migrants in vaccination programs and providing follow-up vaccination where it is necessary. This, however, is often conditioned by the burden of disease in the migrants’ countries of origin.
Public health guidance on screening and vaccination for infectious diseases in newly arrived migrants in the EU/EEA – EN – [PDF-5.44 MB]
Prevention and assessment of infectious diseases among children and adult migrants arriving in the EU/EEA: protocol for a set of systematic reviews for public health and health systems.
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of hepatitis B virus screening and vaccination in EU/EEA migrants: a systematic review.
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening for schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis in EU/EEA migrants: a systematic review.
Intervention to improve vaccine uptake and cost-effectiveness of vaccination strategies in newly arrived migrants in the EU/EEA: a systematic review.
Scientific and technical publications Prevention and assessment of infectious diseases among children and adult migrants arriving in the European Union/European Economic Association: Protocol for a set of systematic reviews for public health and health systems
Scientific and technical publications Mass immunization campaign in the Roma community created an opportunity to estimate its size and measles vaccination rate, Poland 2009.
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Scientific and technical publications Reducing transmission of COVID-19 and increasing vaccine uptake among migrant populations in the EU/EEA
Issues guidelines for migrant screening and vaccination 5 December 2018 – Increased migration rates to and within the European Union and the European Economic Area (EU/EEA) in recent years have made the development of migration policy, including health policy, a priority for the region. In more detail
Health of Migrants and Refugees Migrants and refugees face many challenges that can affect their health. Read more Impact of switching from voluntary to universal oral rotavirus vaccination on consecutive emergency department visits for acute gastroenteritis in children in Kobe City, Japan (2016–2022)
Assessment of perceptions, attitudes and practices among Greek non-professional athletes attending a public hospital during March 2022, regarding vaccination against COVID-19 and its consequences on sports training and sports activity
Parkway Shenton Milestones
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The presented works represent the most advanced research with significant potential for great impact in this field. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original article that includes several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions, and describes possible research applications.
Feature papers are submitted at the individual invitation or recommendation of scholarly editors and must receive positive feedback from reviewers.
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Editors’ Choice articles are based on recommendations from scientific journal editors from around the world. The editors select a small number of recently published articles in the journal that they believe will be of particular interest to readers or important in the area of research in question. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal.
By Leonardo Maria Siena Leonardo Maria Siena Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar , Claudia Isonne Claudia Isonne Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar * , Antonio Sciurti Antonio Sciurti Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar , Maria Roberta De Blasiis Maria Roberta Googlelit De Blasiis S. Scholar , Giuseppe Migliara Giuseppe Migliara Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar , Carolina Marzuillo Carolina Marzuillo Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar , Corrado De Vito Corrado De Vito Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar , Paolo S Villari, Paolo S Villari Paolo Preprints. Valentina Baccolini Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar
Received: October 3, 2022 / Revised: October 23, 2022 / Accepted: October 27, 2022 / Published: October 29, 2022
Despite health literacy (HL) being recognized as a driver of health-promoting behavior, its impact on the vaccination decision-making process remains unclear. This study summarized the current evidence on the association between HL and intention to vaccinate and vaccination status. We searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, finding observational studies published up to January 2022 that used HL-validated tools to investigate the above associations for any vaccine. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Twenty-one articles are included; six of them investigated intention to vaccinate and
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